Checkpoint 156-587 Check Point Certified Troubleshooting Expert - R81.20 (CCTE) Exam Practice Test

If you have modified kernel parameters (infwkern.conf, for example) and the gateway starts dropping traffic or behaving abnormally after a reboot, the best practice is to restore the original or a known-good configuration from backup. Then, reboot again so that the gateway loads the last known stable settings.

Option A(fw ctl set int fw1_kernel_all_disable=1) is not a standard or documented method for “undoing” all kernel tweaks.

Option B(Restore fwkem.conf from backup and reboot the gateway) is the correct and straightforward approach.

Option C(fw unloadlocal) removes the local policy but does not revert custom kernel parameters that have already been loaded at boot.

Option D(Remove all kernel parameters from fwkem.conf and reboot) might help in some cases, but you risk losing other beneficial or necessary parameters if there were legitimate custom settings. Restoring from a known-good backup is safer and more precise.

Hence, the best answer:“Restore fwkem.conf from backup and reboot the gateway.”

Check Point Troubleshooting References

sk98339– Working with fwkern.conf (kernel parameters) in Gaia OS.

sk92739– Advanced System Tuning in Gaia OS.

Check Point Gaia Administration Guide– Section on kernel parameters and system tuning.

Check Point CLI Reference Guide– Explanation of using fw ctl, fw unloadlocal, and relevant troubleshooting commands.

To troubleshoot Identity Awareness issues related to user identification and Access Role application, you need to enable debugging for both Identity Collectors (IDC) and Identity Providers (IDP). The command pdp debug set IDC all IDP all on the gateway achieves this.

Here's why this is the correct answer and why the others are not:

A. on the gateway: pdp debug set IDC all IDP all:This correctly enables debugging for all Identity Collectors and Identity Providers, allowing you to see detailed logs and messages related to user identification and Access Role assignment. This helps pinpoint issues with user mapping, authentication, or authorization.

B. on the gateway: pdp debug set AD all and IDC all:This command only enables debugging for Active Directory (AD) as an Identity Provider and all Identity Collectors. It might miss issues related to other Identity Providers if they are in use.

C. on the management: pdp debug on IDC all:This command has two issues. First, it should be executed on the gateway, not the management server, as the gateway is responsible for user identification and policy enforcement. Second, it only enables debugging for Identity Collectors, not Identity Providers.

D. on the management: pdp debug set all:While this command might seem to enable debugging for everything, it's not specific enough for Identity Awareness troubleshooting. It might generate excessive logs unrelated to the issue and make it harder to find the relevant information.

Check Point Troubleshooting References:

Check Point Identity Awareness Administration Guide:This guide provides detailed information about Identity Awareness components, configuration, and troubleshooting.

Check Point sk113963:This article explains how to troubleshoot Identity Awareness issues using debug commands and logs.

Check Point R81.20 Security Administration Guide:This guide covers general troubleshooting and debugging techniques, including the use of pdp debug commands.

The process responsible for log indexing and text searching is solr, which is a child process of cpm. The solr process is responsible for indexing the logs and providing the search engine for SmartLog and SmartConsole. The solr process is started by the cpm process and can be monitored by the command cpwd_admin list. The solr process uses the PostgreSQL database to store the indexed data and the Lucene library to perform the text search. The solr process can be affected by various factors, such as the size and number of log files, the hardware resources, the network connectivity, and the configuration settings. If the solr process is not running correctly, the administrator may experience issues with log indexing and text searching, such as slow performance, missing logs, or incorrect results. 

The STAT column in the output of the cpwd_admin list command shows the status of the monitored process. The possible values are E for established, meaning that the process is running, or T for terminated, meaning that the process is not running. The STAT column is useful for quickly checking if any critical process has crashed or failed to start. If the value is T, the process should be restarted and the reason for the termination should be investigated. The STAT column does not show the Watch Dog name, the number of times the process was started, or the monitoring method of the Watch Dog. 

A core dump file is essentially a snapshot of the process's memory at the time of the crash. This snapshot includes crucial information that can help diagnose the cause of the crash. Here's why all the options are relevant:

i. Program Counter:This register stores the address of the next instruction the CPU was supposed to execute. It pinpoints exactly where in the code the crash occurred.

ii. Stack Pointer:This register points to the top of the call stack, which shows the sequence of function calls that led to the crash. This helps trace the program's execution flow before the crash.

iii. Memory management information:This includes details about the process's memory allocations, which can reveal issues like memory leaks or invalid memory access attempts.

iv. Other Processor and OS flags/information:This encompasses various registers and system information that provide context about the state of the processor and operating system at the time of the crash.

By analyzing this information within the core dump, you can often identify the root cause of the crash, such as a segmentation fault, null pointer dereference, or stack overflow.

Check Point Troubleshooting References:

While core dumps are a general concept in operating systems, Check Point's documentation touches upon them in the context of troubleshooting specific processes like fwd (firewall) or cpd (Check Point daemon). The fw ctl zdebug command, for example, can be used to trigger a core dump of the fwd process for debugging purposes.

The Terraform Registry allows any user to publish and share modules. Published modules support versioning, automatically generate documentation, allow browsing version histories, show examples and READMEs, and more. Public modules are managed via Git and GitHub, and publishing a module takes only a few minutes. Once a module is published, releasing a new version of a module is as simple as pushing a properly formed Git tag1.

References = The information can be verified from the Terraform Registry documentation on Publishing Modules provided by HashiCorp Developer1.

The correct directory where an administrator can find vpn debug log files generated during Site-to-Site VPN troubleshooting is $FWDIR/log/. This directory contains the following files related to vpn debug:

vpnd.elg: This file contains the high-level VPN debug information, such as the VPN tunnel establishment, deletion, and negotiation messages. It can be enabled by using thevpn debug oncommand on the Security Gateway CLI.

legacy_ike.elg: This file contains the low-level IKE debug information for IKEv1, such as the IKE packets, encryption, decryption, and authentication. It can be enabled by using thevpn debug ikeoncommand on the Security Gateway CLI.

legacy_ikev2.xml: This file contains the low-level IKE debug information for IKEv2, such as the IKE packets, encryption, decryption, and authentication. It can be enabled by using thevpn debug ikev2oncommand on the Security Gateway CLI.

These files can be viewed by using thevpn debug viewcommand on the Security Gateway CLI, or by using theIKEViewtool on the Security Management Server GUI.

References:

vpn debug - Check Point Software

IKE Debug on R81 and above - Check Point CheckMates

(CCTE) - Check Point Software