Fortinet NSE7_EFW-7.2 Fortinet NSE 7 - Enterprise Firewall 7.2 Exam Practice Test

• Option B is correct because the administrator can determine the category of the training.fortinet.com website by looking up the hex value of 34 in the second command output. This is because the first command output shows that the domain and the IP of the website are both in category (Hex) 34, which corresponds to Information Technology in the second command output1.
• Option A is incorrect because the administrator does not need to convert the first three digits of the IP hex value to binary. The IP hex value is already in the same format as the category hex value, so the administrator can simply compare them without any conversion2.
• Option C is incorrect because the administrator does not need to add both the Pima in and Iphex values of 34 to get the category number. The Pima in and Iphex values are not related to the category number, but to the cache TTL and the database version respectively3.
• Option D is incorrect because the administrator does not need to convert the first two digits of the Domain hex value to a decimal value. The Domain hex value is already in the same format as the category hex value, so the administrator can simply compare them without any conversion2. References: =
• 1: Technical Tip: Verify the webfilter cache content4
• 2: Hexadecimal to Decimal Converter5
• 3: FortiGate - Fortinet Community6
• : Web filter | FortiGate / FortiOS 7.2.0 - Fortinet Documentation7

 Fail-open is a feature that allows traffic to pass through the IPS sensor without inspection when the sensor fails or is overloaded. If fail-open is set to disable, traffic will be dropped in such scenarios1. References: = IPS | FortiGate / FortiOS 7.2.3 - Fortinet Documentation

When IPS (Intrusion Prevention System) is configured, iffail-openis set to disable, it means that if the IPS engine fails, traffic will not be allowed to pass through, which can result in traffic being dropped (D). This is in contrast to a fail-open setting, which would allow traffic to bypass the IPS engine if it is not operational.

C. The hub adds routes based on IKE negotiations: This is part of the ADVPN functionality where the hub learns about the networks behind the spokes and can add routes dynamically based on the IKE negotiations with the spokes.

D. You must configure phase 2 quick mode selectors to 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0: This wildcard setting in the phase 2 selectors allows any-to-any tunnel establishment, which is necessary for the dynamic creation of spoke-to-spoke tunnels.

These configurations are outlined in Fortinet's documentation for setting up ADVPN, where the hub's role in route control and the use of wildcard selectors for phase 2 are emphasized to enable dynamic tunneling between spokes.

From the partial OSPF (Open Shortest Path First) configuration output:

B. The router sends grace LSAs before it restarts: This is implied by the command 'set restart-mode graceful-restart'. When OSPF is configured with graceful restart, the router sends grace LSAs (Link State Advertisements) to inform its neighbors that it is restarting, allowing for a seamless transition without recalculating routes.

Fortinet documentation on OSPF configuration clearly states that enabling graceful restart mode allows the router to maintain its adjacencies and routes during a brief restart period.

The BGP state is “Idle”, indicating that BGP is attempting to establish a TCP connection with the peer. This is the first state in the BGP finite state machine, and it means that no TCP connection has been established yet. If the TCP connection fails, the BGP state will reset to either active or idle, depending on the configuration. References: You can find more information about BGP states and troubleshooting in the following Fortinet Enterprise Firewall 7.2 documents:

• Troubleshooting BGP
• How BGP works

To configure a loopback as the BGP source, you need to set the “ebgp-enforce-multihop” and “update-source” parameters in the BGP configuration. The “ebgp-enforce-multihop” allows EBGP connections to neighbor routers that are not directly connected, while “update-source” specifies the IP address that should be used for the BGP session1. References := BGP on loopback, Loopback interface, Technical Tip: Configuring EBGP Multihop Load-Balancing, Technical Tip: BGP routes are not installed in routing table with loopback as update source

The configuration line “set dpd on-idle” indicates that dead peer detection (DPD) is set to trigger only when the tunnel is idle, not actively disabled1. References: FortiGate IPSec VPN User Guide - Fortinet Document Library

From the given VPN configuration, dead peer detection (DPD) is set to 'on-idle', indicating that DPD is enabled and will be used to detect if the other end of the VPN tunnel is still alive when no traffic is detected. Hence, option C is incorrect. The configuration shows the tunnel set to type 'dynamic', which does not create separate virtual interfaces for each dial-up client (A), and it is not specified that dynamic routing will be used (B). Since this is a phase 1 configuration snippet, the routing table aspect (D) cannot be concluded from this alone.

The primary purpose of configuring a main link between the devices is to synchronize session information so that if one unit fails, the other can continue processing traffic without dropping active sessions.

A.To have both sessions and configuration synchronization in layer 2.This is incorrect because FGSP is used for session synchronization, not configuration synchronization.

B.To load balance both sessions and configuration synchronization between layer 2 and 3.FGSP does not perform load balancing and is not used for configuration synchronization.

C.To have only configuration synchronization in layer 3.The main link is not used solely for configuration synchronization.

D.To have both sessions and configuration synchronization in layer 3.The main link in an FGSP setup is indeed used to synchronize session information across the devices, and it operates at layer 3 since it uses IP addresses to establish the peering.

BFD (Bidirectional Forwarding Detection) is a protocol that can quickly detect failures in the forwarding path between two adjacent devices. You can disable BFD at the protocol level by using the “set bfd disable” command under the OSPF or BGP configuration. BFD works for both OSPF and BGP protocols, as well as static routes and SD-WAN rules. References := BFD | FortiGate / FortiOS 7.2.0 - Fortinet Document Library, section “BFD”.

• Option A is correct because the address object on the tool FortiGate will not be synchronized with the downstream devices if it has fabric-object set to disable. This option controls whether the address object is shared with other FortiGate devices in the Security Fabric or not1.
• Option C is correct because the downstream FortiGate will not receive the address object from the tool FortiGate if it has fabric-object-unification set to local. This option controls whether the downstream FortiGate uses the address objects from the root FortiGate or its own local address objects2.
• Option B is incorrect because the root FortiGate has configuration-sync set to enable by default, which means that it will synchronize the address objects with the downstream devices unless they are disabled by the fabric-object option3.
• Option D is incorrect because the downstream FortiGate has configuration-sync set to local by default, which means that it will receive the address objects from the root FortiGate unless they are overridden by the fabric-object-unification option4. References: =
• 1: Group address objects synchronized from FortiManager5
• 2: Security Fabric address object unification6
• 3: Configuration synchronization7
• 4: Configuration synchronization7
• : Security Fabric - Fortinet Documentation

To enable AD-VPN, you need to edit an SD-WAN overlay template and enable the Auto-Discovery VPN toggle. This will automatically add the required settings to the IPsec template and the BGP template. You cannot enable AD-VPN directly in the IPsec phase 1 settings using VPN Manager. References := ADVPN | FortiManager 7.2.0 - Fortinet Documentation

For a custom signature to be valid and savable on a FortiGate device, it must include certain mandatory fields. Severity is used to specify the level of threat that the signature represents, and attack_id is a unique identifier for the signature. Without these, the signature would not be complete and could not be correctly utilized by the FortiGate's Intrusion Prevention System (IPS).

From the OSPF interface command output, we can conclude that the port3 network has more than one OSPF router because the Neighbor Count is 2, indicating the presence of another OSPF router besides NGFW-1. Additionally, we can deduce that the interfaces of the OSPF routers match the MTU value configured as 1500, which is necessary for OSPF neighbors to form adjacencies. The MTU mismatch would prevent OSPF from forming a neighbor relationship.

References:

• Fortinet FortiOS Handbook: OSPF Configuration

The reason for the command failure when trying to set the protocol to UDP in theconfig system fortiguardis likely that UDP is not a protocol option in this context. The command syntax might be incorrect or the option to set a protocol for FortiGuard updates might not exist in this manner. So the correct answer is D. udp is not a protocol option.

The output of the BGP (Border Gateway Protocol) summary shows details about the BGP neighbors of a router, their Autonomous System (AS) numbers, the state of the BGP session, and other metrics like messages received and sent.

From the BGP summary provided:

A.External BGP (EBGP) exchanges routing information.This conclusion can be inferred because the AS numbers for the neighbors are different from the local AS number (65117), which suggests that these are external connections.

B.The BGP session with peer 10.127.0.75 is established.This is indicated by the state/prefix received column showing a numeric value (1), which typically means that the session is established and a number of prefixes has been received.

C.The router 100.64.3.1 has the parameter bfd set to enable.This cannot be concluded directly from the summary without additional context or commands specifically showing BFD (Bidirectional Forwarding Detection) configuration.

D.The neighbors displayed are linked to a local router with the neighbor-range set to a value of 4.The neighbor-range concept does not apply here; the value 4 in the 'V' column stands for the BGP version number, which is typically 4.