Raw printer named printerx where x is your station number is installed and shared on server1.example.com. Install the shared printer on your PC to connect shared printer using IPP Protocols. Your server is 192.168.0.254.
Answer and Explanation:
1.Open the Browser either firefox or links
2.Type : http://localhost:631
3.Click on Manage Printer
4.Click on Add Printer
5.Type Queue name like stationx and click on continue
6.Type Device type or printing Protocol: i.e Internet printing Protocol
7.Click on Continue
8.Type Device URL: ipp://server1.example.com/printers/printerx
9.Click on Continue
10.Select RAW Model printer
11.Click on Continue
12.Test by sending the printing job
Install the Redhat Linux RHEL 4 through NFS. Where your Server is server1.example.com having IP 172.24.254.254 and shared /var/ftp/pub. The size of the partitions are listed below:
/1048
/home1028
/boot 512
/var 1028
/usr2048
Swap->1.5 of RAM Size
/dataconfigure the RAID Level 0 of remaining all free space.
After completing the installation through NFS solve the following questions. There are two networks 172.24.0.0/16 and 172.25.0.0/16. As well as there are two domains example.com on 172.24.0.0/16 network and cracker.org on 172.25.0.0/16 network. Your system is based on example.com domain.
Answer and Explanation:
1. Insert the CD on CD-ROM and start the system.
2. In Boot: Prompt type linux askmethod
3. It will display the language, keyboard selection.
4. It will ask you for the installation method.
5. Select the NFS Image from the list
6. It will ask the IP Address, Net mask, Gateway and Name Server. Select Use
Dynamic IP Configuration: because DHCP Server will be configured in your exam lab.
7. It will ask for the NFS Server Name and Redhat Enterprise Linux Directory.
Specify the NFS Server: 172.24.254.254
Directory: /var/ftp/pub
8. After Connecting to the NFS Server Installation start in GUI. Go up to the partition screen by selecting the different Options.
9. Create the partition According to the Question because Size and what-what partition should you create at installation time is specified in your question
10.Create the two RAID partitions having equal size of remaining all free space.
11.Click on RAID button
12.Type mount point /data
13.Select RAID Level 0
14.Click on ok
15. Then select the MBR Options, time zone and go upto package selections.
It is another Most Important Time of installation. Due to the time limit, you should care about the installation packages. At Exam time you these packages are enough.
X-Window System
GNOME Desktop
(these two packages are generally not required)
Administration Tools.
System Tools
Windows File Server
FTP Servers
Mail Servers
Web Servers
Network Servers
Editors
Text Based Internet
Server Configuration Tools
Printing Supports
When installation will complete, your system will reboot. Jump for another Question.
Install the Cron Schedule for david user to display “Hello” on daily 5:30.
Answer and Explanation:
30 05 * * * /bin/echo “Hello”
3. crontab –u david schedule.txt
4. service crond restart
The cron system is essentially a smart alarm clock. When the alarm sounds, Linux runs the commands of your choice automatically. You can set the alarm clock to run at all sorts of regular time intervals. Alternatively, the at system allows you to run the command of your choice once, at a specified time in the future.
Red Hat configured the cron daemon, crond. By default, it checks a series of directories for jobs to run, every minute of every hour of every day. The crond checks the /var/spool/cron directory for jobs by user. It also checks for scheduled jobs for the computer under /etc/crontab and in the /etc/cron.d directory.
Here is the format of a line in crontab. Each of these columns is explained in more detail:
#minute, hour, day of month, month, day of week, command
* * * * * command
Entries in a crontab Command Line
Field
Value
Minute
0-59
Hour
Based on a 24-hour clock; for example, 23 = 11 p.m.
Day of month
1-31
Month
1-12, or jan, feb, mar, etc.
Day of week
0-7; where 0 and 7 are both Sunday; or sun, mon, tue, etc.
Command
The command you want to run
Change the Group Owner of /data to training group.
Answer and Explanation:
chown or chgrp command is used to change the ownership.
Syntax of chown: chown [-R] username:groupname file/directory
Syntax of chgrp: chgrp [-R] groupname file/directory
Whenever user creates the file or directory, the owner of that file/directory automatically will be that user and that user’s primary group name.
To change group owner ship
or
chown root.training /data Which set the user owner to root and group owner to training group.
Verify /data using: ls -ld /data
You will get: drwxr-xr-x 2 root training …………..
One NIS Domain named rhce.com is configured in your lab, server is
192.168.0.254. rhce100, rhce200,rhce300 user are created on domain server.
Make your system as a member of rhce.com domain. Make sure that when nis user login in your system home directory should get by them. Home directory is separately shared on server eg /home/stationx/ where x is you station number.
Answer and Explanation:
1. use the authconfig or system-config-authentication
2. Select the [*] USE NIS
3. Type the NIS Domain: rhce.com
4. Type Server 192.168.0.254 then click on next and ok
5. You will get a ok message.
6. vi /etc/auto.master and write at the end of file
/home/stationx /etc/auto.home --timeout=60
7. vi /etc/auto.home and write
* -rw,soft,intr 192.168.0.254:/home/stationx/&
Note: please specify your station number in the place of x.
8. Service autofs restart
9. Login as the rhce1 or rhce2 or rhce3 on another terminal will be
Success.
According to question, rhce.com domain is already configured. We have to make a client of rhce.com domain and automatically mount the home directory on every client. To make a member of domain, we use the autheconfig or system-config-authentication command. There a are lots of authentication server i.e NIS, LDAB, SMB etc. NIS is a RPC related Services, no need to configure the DNS, we should specify the NIS server address.
Here Automount feature is available. When user tried to login, home directory will automatically mount. The automount service reads the configuration from /etc/auto.master file.
On /etc/auto.master file we specified the mount point the configuration file for mount point.
Fill up the Form through http://server1.example.com/form.php
Answer and Explanation:
1.Open the Browser and type the above URL.
2.Fill the form as required all information.
/data Directory is shared from the server1.example.com server. Mount the shared directory that:
Answer and Explanation:
/mnt/etc/auto.misc--timeout=50
When you mount the other filesystem, you should unmount the mounted filesystem, Automount feature of linux helps to mount at access time and after certain seconds, when user unaccess the mounted directory, automatically unmount the filesystem.
/etc/auto.master is the master configuration file for autofs service. When you start the service, it reads the mount point as defined in /etc/auto.master.
Install the Cron Schedule for david user to display “Hello” on daily 5:30.
Answer and Explanation:
30 05 * * * /bin/echo “Hello”
3. crontab –u david schedule.txt
4. service crond restart
The cron system is essentially a smart alarm clock. When the alarm sounds, Linux runs the commands of your choice automatically. You can set the alarm clock to run at all sorts of regular time intervals. Alternatively, the at system allows you to run the command of your choice once, at a specified time in the future.
Red Hat configured the cron daemon, crond. By default, it checks a series of directories for jobs to run, every minute of every hour of every day. The crond checks the /var/spool/cron directory for jobs by user. It also checks for scheduled jobs for the computer under /etc/crontab and in the /etc/cron.d directory.
Here is the format of a line in crontab. Each of these columns is explained in more detail:
#minute, hour, day of month, month, day of week, command
* * * * * command
Entries in a crontab Command Line
Field
Value
Minute
0-59
Hour
Based on a 24-hour clock; for example, 23 = 11 p.m.
Day of month
1-31
Month
1-12, or jan, feb, mar, etc.
Day of week
0-7; where 0 and 7 are both Sunday; or sun, mon, tue, etc.
Command
The command you want to run
One Logical Volume named /dev/test0/testvolume1 is created. The initial Size of that disk is 100MB now you required more 200MB. Increase the size of Logical Volume, size should be increase on online.
Answer and Explanation:
1.lvextend –L+200M /dev/test0/testvolume1
Use lvdisplay /dev/test0/testvolume1)
2.ext2online –d /dev/test0/testvolume1
lvextend command is used the increase the size of Logical Volume. Other command lvresize command also here to resize. And to bring increased size on online we use the ext2online command.
Create the group named training
Answer and Explanation:
To create a group we use the groupadd command.
Verify from: cat /etc/group whether group added or not?
Create the user named eric and deny to interactive login.
Answer and Explanation:
Which shell or program should start at login time is specified in /etc/passwd file. By default Redhat Enterprise Linux assigns the /bin/bash shell to the users. To deny the interactive login, you should write /sbin/nologin or /bin/false instead of login shell.
Make on /storage directory that only the user owner and group owner member can fully access.
Answer and Explanation:
1.chmod 770 /storage
2.Verify using : ls –ld /storage
Preview should be like:
drwxrwx--- 2 root sysusers 4096 Mar 16 18:08 /storage
To change the permission on directory we use the chmod command. According to the question that only the owner user (root) and group member (sysusers) can fully access the directory so: chmod 770 /archive
Make on /data that only the user owner and group owner member can fully access.
Answer and Explanation:
1.chmod 770 /data
2.Verify using : ls –ld /data
Preview should be like:
drwxrwx--- 2 root sysadmin 4096 Mar 16 18:08 /data
To change the permission on directory we use the chmod command. According to the question that only the owner user (root) and group member (sysadmin) can fully access the directory so: chmod 770 /data
UESTION NO: 44 CORRECT TEXT
Who ever creates the files/directories on /data group owner should be automatically should be the same group owner of /data.
Answer and Explanation:
1.chmod g+s /data
2.Verify using: ls -ld /data
Permission should be like:
drwxrws--- 2 root sysadmin 4096 Mar 16 18:08 /data
If SGID bit is set on directory then who every users creates the files on directory group owner automatically the owner of parent directory.
To set the SGID bit: chmod g+s directory
To Remove the SGID bit: chmod g-s directory
You are giving the debug RHCT exam. The examiner told you that the password of root is redhat. When you tried to login displays the error message and redisplayed the login screen. You changed the root password, again unable to login as a root. How will you make Successfully Login as a root.
Answer and Explanation:
When root unable to login into the system think:
Do these Steps:
If account is expired, set net expire date: chage –E “NEVER” root
Some users home directory is shared from your system. Using showmount –e localhost command, the shared directory is not shown. Make access the shared users home directory.
Answer and Explanation:
1.Verify the File whether Shared or not ? : cat /etc/exports
2.Start the nfs service: service nfs start
3.Start the portmap service: service portmap start
4.Make automatically start the nfs service on next reboot: chkconfig nfs on
5.Make automatically start the portmap service on next reboot: chkconfig portmap on
6.Verify either sharing or not: showmount –e localhost
7.Check that default firewall is running on system ? if running flush the iptables using iptables –F and stop the iptables service.
Your System is going use as a router for 172.24.0.0/16 and 172.25.0.0/16. Enable the IP Forwarding.
net.ipv4.ip_forward=1
/proc is the virtual filesystem, containing the information about the running kernel. To change the parameter of running kernel you should modify on /proc. From Next reboot the system, kernel will take the value from /etc/sysctl.conf.
There are more then 400 Computers in your Office. You are appointed as a System Administrator. But you don’t have Router. So, you are going to use your One Linux Server as a Router. How will you enable IP packets forward?
Answer and Explanation:
1. /proc is the virtual filesystem, we use /proc to modify the kernel parameters at running time.
# echo “1” >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward
2. /etc/sysctl.conf when System Reboot on next time, /etc/rc.d/rc.sysinit scripts reads the file /etc/sysctl.conf. To enable the IP forwarding on next reboot also you need to set the parameter.
net.ipv4.ip_forward=1
Here 0 means disable, 1 means enable.
Create the partition having 100MB size and mount it on /mnt/neo
Answer and Explanation:
Quota is implemented on /data but not working properly. Find out the
Problem and implement the quota to user1 to have a soft limit 60 inodes
(files) and hard limit of 70 inodes (files).
Answer and Explanation:
Quotas are used to limit a user's or a group of users' ability to consume disk space. This prevents a small group of users from monopolizing disk capacity and potentially interfering with other users or the entire system. Disk quotas are commonly used by ISPs, by Web hosting companies, on FTP sites, and on corporate file servers to ensure continued availability of their systems.
Without quotas, one or more users can upload files on an FTP server to the point of filling a filesystem. Once the affected partition is full, other users are effectively denied upload access to the disk. This is also a reason to mount different filesystem directories on different partitions. For example, if you only had partitions for your root (/) directory and swap space, someone uploading to your computer could fill up all of the space in your root directory (/). Without at least a little free space in the root directory (/), your system could become unstable or even crash.
You have two ways to set quotas for users. You can limit users by inodes or by kilobyte-sized disk blocks. Every Linux file requires an inode. Therefore, you can limit users by the number of files or by absolute space. You can set up different quotas for different filesystems. For example, you can set different quotas for users on the /home and /tmp directories if they are mounted on their own partitions.
Limits on disk blocks restrict the amount of disk space available to a user on your system. Older versions of Red Hat Linux included LinuxConf, which included a graphical tool to configure quotas. As of this writing, Red Hat no longer has a graphical quota configuration tool. Today, you can configure quotas on RHEL only through the command line interface.
1. vi /etc/fstab
/dev/hda11/data ext3defaults,usrquota 1 2
2. Either Reboot the System or remount the partition.
Mount –o remount /dev/hda11 /data
3. touch /data/aquota.user
4. quotacheck –ufm /data
5. quotaon -u /data
6. edquota –u user1 /data
and Specified the Soft limit and hard limit on opened file.
To verify either quota is working or not:
Soft limit specify the limit to generate warnings to users and hard limit can’t cross by the user. Use the quota command or repquota command to monitor the quota information.
The System you are using is for NFS (Network File Services). Some important data are shared from your system. Make automatically start the nfs and portmap services at boot time.
Answer and Explanation:
We can control the services for current session and for next boot time also. For current Session, we use service servicename start or restart or stop or status. For automatically on next reboot time:
eg: chkconfig nfs on
chkconfig portmap on
or
ntsysv
Select the nfs and portmap services.