Salesforce PDI Salesforce Certified Platform Developer 1 (WI25) Exam Practice Test

To make an LWC available for use on a record page:

Target Configuration:

Add lightning__RecordPage in the component's .js-meta.xml file to specify where the component can be used.

Expose the Component:

Set isExposed to true in the .js-meta.xml file to make the component available for use.

Example .js-meta.xml File:

Why Not the Other Options?References:

Test Isolation Principle:

Apex test methods run in a sandboxed environment without access to existing org data unless seeAllData=true is used.

The test fails if it relies on data not created within the test itself.

Why Not Other Options?

A: runAs simulates user context but does not affect test isolation.

B: @future methods do not cause failures if handled correctly.

D: Syntax errors would prevent code compilation.

Test Data Isolation:

References:

Validation Rule (A):A validation rule can restrict the modification of Opportunity records when the stage is set to Closed/Won. This ensures data consistency without requiring code.

Salesforce requires that every trigger must have at least 1% test coverage to be deployed. Since the trigger in question has 0% test coverage, the deployment will fail even if the helper method and related classes meet the coverage requirement.

Anonymous Apex allows developers to execute ad hoc code snippets without creating a permanent class or trigger. It is useful for tasks like bulk data manipulation or testing.

B. Deleting 15,000 inactive Accounts:

Anonymous Apex can perform ad hoc bulk operations to clean up data after a deployment.

Example:

Use Cases:List

Why Not the Other Options?References:

B: Salesforce requires that all Apex code have at least 75% test coverage in production before deployment. This ensures that the system remains reliable.

C: All triggers must have some test coverage as part of the overall 75% requirement for Apex code.

Why not other options?

A: Object visibility settings are not a deployment requirement.

D: Visual Flows do not require test coverage for deployment to production.

References:

Apex Test Coverage Requirements

Correct Apex Method for Enhance Element:

The method invoked by an Enhance element in a Next Best Action strategy must return a value that can be used in decision-making (e.g., discount level).

The method signature must match the required inputs and outputs for the strategy.

Next Best Action Apex Integration:

References:

sObject: SOQL queries can return single or multiple records as sObject instances.

List: SOQL queries often return results as a List of sObject.

Double: SOQL aggregate queries can return numeric data types like Double (e.g., COUNT, SUM).

Developer Sandboxes are ideal for individual developers. They provide the same configuration as production and allow developers to work independently.

Full Sandbox: Used for staging or testing environments, not suitable for individual developer work.

Developer Edition: Not connected to the production org and lacks sandbox functionality.

Partner Developer Edition: Used by ISVs for AppExchange development, not suitable for internal teams.

References:

Salesforce Sandbox Overview

A: The save() method in the custom controller must be tested to ensure it works as intended and redirects to the correct page.

B: Setting parameters via ApexPages.currentPage().getParameters() is crucial to test scenarios where user input or URL parameters drive logic.

D: Using Test.setCurrentPage(pageRef) is essential for simulating page context in unit tests.

Why not other options?

C: This statement does not belong to testing a custom controller.

B (second occurrence): It appears to be incorrectly formatted in the question.

References:

Testing Apex Controllers

An Apex REST class can be used to retrieve real-time data from an external order management system. The flow can then call the REST class to display the retrieved data on the screen dynamically.

For declarative development:

A. Record-Triggered Flow: Allows building complex logic declaratively without code.

D. Validation Rules: Enforce data quality by validating record fields before saving.

Salesforce CLI allows developers to automate deployments and run unit tests as part of a continuous integration (CI) pipeline. It is the most efficient tool for scripting these processes.

Why Queueable Class?

Queueable Apex supports callouts and allows chaining to process one record at a time efficiently.

The trigger detects when the Order__c status changes to "Placed" and enqueues the Queueable class to perform the callout.

Why Not Other Options?

B. Batchable class: Batch jobs are ideal for bulk processing but not suited for single REST callouts.

C. Flow with invocable method: Flows are less efficient and limited in handling callouts for large-scale operations.

D. @future method: While it supports asynchronous callouts, it does not allow chaining, making Queueable more suitable.

Queueable Apex:

References:

Throwing Exceptions in Apex:

throw new ExceptionType(); creates a new instance and throws it.

A: No argument constructor.

B: Constructor with a custom error message.

Why Not Other Options?

C and D: These create exception instances but do not throw them, which is not valid syntax for firing an exception.

Apex Exception Handling:

References:

A validation rule can ensure that the Lead Source field is populated before the Lead is converted. This prevents users from proceeding unless the required data is entered.

Why not other options?

A: Triggers are programmatic, whereas a declarative solution like validation rules is simpler and more efficient.

B: Lead Conversion field mapping maps fields between Lead and Account/Contact but cannot enforce field requirements.

C: A formula field is read-only and cannot enforce user input.

References:

Validation Rules Documentation

Database.insert(records, false):

The Database.insert() method with the allOrNone parameter set to false allows for partial success.

If some records in the list fail due to validation rules, triggers, or other errors, the method will still attempt to insert the remaining valid records.

The false parameter ensures that records that fail will not roll back the transaction for the others.

Why not the other options?

A. Database.insert(records, true):

The true parameter makes the operation transactional (all or none). If any record fails, all records will roll back.

B. insert records:

The insert DML statement behaves like Database.insert(records, true) by default and rolls back all records if any error occurs.

C. insert(records, false):

This syntax is invalid in Apex.

References:

Apex DML Operations Documentation

Database Methods

C. Update the PrimaryId__c field definition to mark it as an External Id:

Marking PrimaryId__c as an External Id allows Salesforce to use this field to match records during the data import process, streamlining the process of mapping CSV rows to existing Candidate__c records.

External Id fields are indexed and can be used in tools like Data Loader, Data Import Wizard, or API-based upserts to ensure that records are matched correctly based on the value of the external ID field.

In this case, since PrimaryId__c is unique, marking it as an external ID eliminates the need for custom triggers or flows.

Why this is the best solution?

This technique leverages built-in Salesforce capabilities (no need for custom code or automation).

It ensures accurate record matching and is the standard approach for data enrichment tasks involving unique identifiers.

Why not the other options?

A. Upload the CSV into a custom object related to Candidate__c:

This approach unnecessarily introduces another object, adding complexity. The goal is to update existing Candidate__c records, not store the data in a separate object.

B. Create a before insert trigger to correctly map the records:

Using triggers for this purpose is overengineering. Salesforce already provides tools like upsert for this exact use case. Writing a trigger would require additional effort and could introduce unintended errors or performance issues.

D. Create a before save flow to correctly map the records:

While flows are powerful, they are not the optimal solution for this use case. Data mapping is better handled using an external ID during import to ensure proper matching and updates.

References:

External IDs in Salesforce

Upsert with Data Loader

Unique and External ID Fields

Trigger.old in a before insert trigger:

The Trigger.old context variable contains the old version of the records being processed in the trigger.

In a before insert trigger, the records being processed are new and have no prior state in the database, so Trigger.old is null.

This behavior is specific to insert triggers because there is no "old" record to reference before the record is created.

Why is it null?

The Trigger.old variable is only populated for triggers that handle updates or deletions (e.g., before update, after update, before delete, after delete). For insert operations, no previous state of the record exists.

Why not the other options?

A. An empty list of sObjects:

This is incorrect because Trigger.old is not initialized as an empty list for insert triggers—it is simply null.

B. Undefined:

Trigger.old is defined in the trigger context, but it is null for insert operations. Undefined is not a valid Apex state.

D. A list of newly created sObjects without IDs:

This describes Trigger.new in a before insert trigger, not Trigger.old. Trigger.new contains the new records being inserted.

References:

Apex Triggers Documentation

Trigger Context Variables

A: Declarative development does not require Apex test classes since it leverages built-in Salesforce features such as flows, process builders, and validation rules.

C: Declarative development can be done using the Setup menu, which includes point-and-click tools like page layouts, workflows, and Lightning App Builder.

Why not other options?

B: Declarative development has strict limits (e.g., process builders and flows have governor limits that are lower than programmatic approaches like Apex).

D: Declarative logic still requires maintenance, especially as business needs evolve.

References:

Declarative vs Programmatic Development

Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) is the best model for the scenario described because it provides on-demand access to compute, storage, and networking resources that are ideal for a scalable server cluster. IaaS allows the engineering team to rent infrastructure resources without having to invest in physical hardware, making it perfect for temporary or fluctuating workloads, such as scalability testing.

Key Characteristics of IaaS:

Full control over the operating systems and applications running on the servers.

Flexible resource allocation to support high scalability.

Ideal for custom software testing where specific server configurations may be needed.

Why not the other options?

PaaS (Platform as a Service):While PaaS is excellent for application development and deployment, it abstracts the infrastructure layer, which would limit the engineering team's control over the cluster's configuration.

SaaS (Software as a Service):SaaS delivers fully managed applications, not infrastructure or testing environments. It’s irrelevant for this use case.

BaaS (Backend as a Service):BaaS is tailored to mobile or web application backend development, providing APIs and pre-built services, not infrastructure for a server cluster.

Platform Developer References:While this question is broader than Salesforce-specific concepts, understanding IaaS vs. PaaS is relevant when working with Salesforce development. For example:

Salesforce operates as a PaaS (e.g., Force.com platform), allowing developers to build and deploy applications without managing underlying servers.

Testing scalability and performance at an infrastructure level (as in the question) would fall under IaaS concepts, which Salesforce developers might encounter when integrating external services or infrastructure like AWS, Azure, or Google Cloud.

This foundational knowledge complements your understanding of cloud services in the Salesforce ecosystem.

Why Developer Console?

The Developer Console provides tools to troubleshoot query performance, including the Query Plan tool.

The Query Plan tool evaluates SOQL query performance and provides insight into query costs and optimization.

Why Not Other Options?

A. Setup Menu: Used for administrative tasks, not performance troubleshooting.

B. Visual Studio Code IDE: Useful for development, but does not offer query performance tools.

C. AppExchange: Provides apps but does not directly help with query troubleshooting.

Query Plan Tool:

References:

B. Updates to FeedItem:

Triggers can fire when FeedItem records are updated, such as posts on records or Chatter updates.

C. Cascading delete operations:

When a parent record is deleted, cascading delete operations on related child records can trigger child object triggers.

Why Not Other Options?

A: Changing a user's default division does not fire triggers.

D: Renaming or replacing a picklist entry does not fire triggers.

Trigger Events:

References:

The Test menu in the Developer Console allows the developer to run specific or all test classes, ensuring that the trigger works correctly without affecting production data. Test methods in Salesforce run in an isolated environment and do not modify the actual data.

Why not other options?

A: Deploying code does not confirm that the trigger works correctly.

B: Creating a new Contact directly modifies production data, which is not recommended.

D: Executing a DML statement in Execute Anonymous directly affects production data and is not a safe testing method.

References:

Testing Apex Triggers

The Limits class in Apex provides methods to check the consumption of governor limits, such as the number of SOQL queries, DML statements, and heap size used.

Example:

Integer dmlStatements = Limits.getDMLStatements();

Integer dmlLimit = Limits.getLimitDMLStatements();

Not Suitable:

Option A: OrgLimits is not an Apex class.

Option C: Messaging deals with email and messaging operations.

Option D: Exception is for handling exceptions, not tracking resource usage.

To preserve the value of maxAttempts for the length of the Apex transaction and share its state between trigger executions:

Static Variable:

Static variables are initialized once per transaction and retain their value throughout the transaction.

They can be accessed without instantiating the class.

Private Scope:

Declaring it as private ensures encapsulation and prevents unintended external modification.

Helper Class:

Using a helper class ensures the separation of concerns, keeping trigger logic clean and adhering to best practices.

Example Code:public class HelperClass {

private static Integer maxAttempts = 5; // Default value

public static Integer getMaxAttempts() {

return maxAttempts;

}

public static void setMaxAttempts(Integer attempts) {

maxAttempts = attempts;

}

}

A: Constants (static + final) cannot be modified after initialization.

B: Trigger member variables cannot retain values across executions within the same transaction.

C: Declaring it as a non-static variable in a helper class would reset its value during each trigger execution.

Why Not the Other Options?

Option A: Using a Test Data Factory class is a recommended approach to create test records programmatically. This ensures that the test is independent of existing data and can be executed in isolation.

Option B: The @IsTest(SeeAllData=true) annotation allows the test to access existing records in the database, including Pricing_Structure__c. However, this is less recommended as it creates a dependency on existing org data.

Not Suitable:

Option C: Test.loadData is used to load records from a static resource (CSV) but doesn't suit the requirement directly.

Option D: Adding without sharing to a class impacts sharing rules but does not create or ensure the existence of test data.

Using a formula field is the most efficient solution to calculate the ratio between rejected and approved timesheets. It minimizes maintenance overhead by dynamically calculating the value based on the existing roll-up summary fields.

Example Formula:

Total_Rejected_Timesheets__c / Total_Approved_Timesheets__c

Lightning Web Components (LWCs) have access to a variety of resources in Salesforce. Below are the supported resources:

Static Resources (A):You can use static resources to reference JavaScript libraries, images, and other files needed in an LWC.

A master-detail relationship from Engineering_Support__c to Opportunity allows multiple child Engineering_Support__c records to be associated with a single parent Opportunity. It also enables roll-up summary fields to aggregate data from the child records onto the parent Opportunity.

Option B: Using Schema.sObjectType.Account.isDeletable() checks if the current user has permission to delete records of the Account object. This approach adheres to Salesforce's security model.

Not Suitable:

Option A: accountRec.isDeletable() is not a valid method.

Option C: Incorrect syntax for checking permissions.

Option D: Account.isDeletable does not exist.

Master-detail relationships allow roll-up summary fields to aggregate data from child records. If a roll-up summary field exists on the Account object, the relationship cannot be changed to a lookup because lookup relationships do not support roll-up fields.

Why not other options?

A: Null values in the Vendor records do not prevent the change.

C: Custom fields can have their types changed as long as dependencies like roll-up fields are not present.

D: Organization-wide defaults do not affect the ability to change relationships.

References:

Salesforce Master-Detail Relationships and Roll-Up Summary Fields

Upload the SVG file as a static resource in Salesforce.

Import it in the LWC JavaScript file and define it as a property.

Reference the property in the component’s HTML template.

Example:

import mySvg from '@salesforce/resourceUrl/mySvg';

export default class MyComponent extends LightningElement {

svgUrl = mySvg;

}

Execution Flow:

The do-while loop executes the body of the loop before evaluating the condition.

Initial x = 0.

Inside the loop: x = 1 (reassignment) and then incremented to 2.

The condition x < 1 is false after the first iteration, so the loop exits.

Debug Output:System.debug(x) logs 2.

To override the Account's standard Edit button in Lightning Experience, a Lightning action can be created and associated with the object. This action can include custom logic or a Lightning component.

Why Quick Actions?

Quick Actions allow developers to create prepopulated forms for creating or updating records.

They are a modern alternative to JavaScript buttons in Lightning Experience.

Why Not Other Options?

A: Validation rules enforce data integrity but do not create records.

B: Apex triggers automate processes but are not used for user-initiated actions.

C: Record-triggered flows execute automatically when records are created or updated, but they do not replace JavaScript buttons for user-initiated actions.

Quick Actions:

References:

Polymorphic Lookup Fields:

These fields can reference multiple object types.

Example: The WhatId field on Event can reference any object that is related to the Event, such as Account or Opportunity.

Why Not Other Options?

A: ParentId on Account is not polymorphic; it only points to other Accounts.

B: Custom fields cannot be polymorphic.

D: LeadId and ContactId are specific fields, not polymorphic.

Polymorphic Lookups:

References:

B: @testSetup inserts data once and shares it across all test methods in the class, saving system resources.

D: @isTest(SeeAllData=true) is incompatible with @testSetup due to their differing purposes for managing test data.

Why Re-Parentable Master-Detail Field?

A master-detail relationship allows Line Items to roll up totals (e.g., calculate total amount) to the Order.

Setting the relationship as re-parentable supports moving Line Items between different Orders.

Why Not Other Options?

B. Lookup field: Does not support roll-up summary fields for calculations.

C and D: Relationships in the opposite direction (Order to Line Item) do not support the required logic.

Master-Detail Relationships:

References:

@InvocableMethod Requirements:

Must be declared as public static.

Must accept and return a List to support batch operations.

Return type should be compatible with Flow Builder, in this case, a List.

Why Option C?

Fulfills all @InvocableMethod requirements:

@InvocableMethod(label='Additional Info')

public static List getInfo(List contactIds) {

// Implementation

}

Why Not Other Options?

A, B, D: Do not adhere to the public static requirement or fail to use a List as input/output.

InvocableMethod Documentation:

References:

 Why Queueable?

Queueable Apex allows asynchronous processing, which can handle bulk updates efficiently without hitting governor limits.

The trigger enqueues the Queueable class to process the asset updates.

 Avoiding Limit Failures:

Moving logic to a Queueable class offloads resource-intensive operations to asynchronous processing.

Why a try/catch block is required:

In Salesforce, DML operations such as insert, update, delete, and upsert can throw exceptions due to issues like validation rule violations, field constraints, or sharing rule restrictions.

Using a try/catch block ensures that these exceptions are caught and handled gracefully, preventing the entire transaction from failing.

How to modify the code:

The update statement in the code can be wrapped in a try/catch block to catch and handle any exceptions that occur. For example:

apex

Copy code

public static void insertAccounts(List ';

}

}

update theseAccounts;

} catch (DmlException e) {

System.debug('DML Exception: ' + e.getMessage());

}

}

Why not the other options?

A. Implement the upsert DML statement:

upsert is used to either insert or update records based on an external ID or primary key. It does not inherently handle exceptions.

B. Implement Change Data Capture:

Change Data Capture (CDC) is used for tracking changes to data in real time and is unrelated to handling DML exceptions.

D. Remove null items from the list of Accounts:

While cleaning the input data is a good practice, it does not address the need for exception handling during DML operations.

References:

Apex Error Handling

DML Operations in Apex

The provided code attempts to update all Lead records in an environment with more than 2,000 records. This will likely exceed the governor limit for the total number of records processed in DML statements, which is 10,000 per transaction. To avoid this, the developer can use Database.update with batching logic.

Event Propagation Phases in Aura Framework:

Default Phase: The framework executes handlers with event.setDefault().

Bubble Phase: The event propagates upward from the target component to the root component.

Why Not Other Options?

A. Control: Not a valid Aura event propagation phase.

D. Emit: This is part of event creation, not propagation.

Aura Event Propagation:

References:

A: An External ID field is designed to store an ID from another external system, which can be used to match Salesforce records with data from an external source during data imports or integrations.

D: External ID fields are automatically indexed, which can significantly improve the performance of SOQL queries when filtering based on the External ID.

Why not other options?

B: External IDs cannot be formula fields. Only text, number, email, and auto-number fields can be set as External IDs.

C: While External IDs are useful for integrations, they do not make external data visible within Salesforce Mobile.

References:

External IDs Overview

The Lightning component cannot directly perform SOQL queries.

An Apex class annotated with @AuraEnabled provides server-side logic that can execute the SOQL query and return the data to the Lightning component.

A roll-up summary field is the best practice for aggregating values (e.g., sum, count, or average) from child records in a master-detail relationship. This feature automatically calculates the sum of all Order Line item totals and displays it on the parent Order record.

A. 75% Test Coverage: Salesforce mandates that 75% of all Apex code must be covered by tests to be deployable to production.

D. Trigger Coverage: Each Apex trigger must have at least one line of test coverage to ensure it is properly tested.

Option A: This is the correct syntax for SOSL to retrieve data across multiple objects. It searches for "Universal Containers" in the CompanyName fields and returns the specified fields for Lead, Account, and Contact.

Other Options:

Option B and D: These are invalid SOQL statements since SOQL does not support multi-object queries.

Option C: Name fields are not relevant to the search term "CompanyName."

The @AuraEnabled(cacheable=true) annotation makes an Apex method available to Lightning Web Components and allows it to be wired to a property while enabling client-side caching for improved performance.

Lightning Web Components (LWCs) are the best choice for creating custom UI components in Salesforce. They provide robust features such as event handling and server-side communication, allowing for validation of user input before saving data.

Why Lightning Data Service?

Enforces Salesforce’s security model, including:

Sharing rules.

Field-level security (FLS).

This eliminates the need for additional manual security checks.

Why Not Other Options?

A: Incorrect, LDS enforces FLS.

B: with sharing applies to Apex, not Lightning Data Service.

D: isAccessible() is unnecessary for LDS because it already enforces FLS.

Lightning Data Service:

References:

Rendering as PDF:

The renderAs="pdf" attribute in the

References:

Many-to-Many Relationship:

To track which companies (Accounts) report which bugs and allow multiple associations for both, a junction object is needed.

This junction object will have two master-detail relationships: one to Bug__c and one to Account.

Why Not Other Options?

A. Roll-up summary field: Not suitable for many-to-many relationships.

B. Master-detail field on Bug__c to Account: Creates a one-to-many relationship, not many-to-many.

C. Lookup field on Bug__c to Account: Still creates a one-to-many relationship, not many-to-many.

Many-to-Many Relationships:

References:

Option A: The fire() method is used to publish Aura application events in the traditional publish-subscribe model.

Not Suitable:

Option B: sendEvent() is not a valid method for Aura events.

Option C: FireEvent() does not exist.

Option D: emit() is not part of the Aura event framework.